Marble Chip Investigation Essay Essays

Marble Chip Investigation Essay Essays Marble Chip Investigation Essay Essay Marble Chip Investigation Essay Essay Fair Test To do it a just trial and do my consequences more accurate I will seek and maintain all variables constant except the concentration of the acid. This will include weighing the marble french friess every clip and seeking to utilize balls of approximately the same size to maintain the surface country reasonably changeless as a alteration in surface country will impact the rate of reaction. I will seek and avoid a alteration in temperature and I will utilize the same equipment throughout the trials. Each concentration will be repeated at least one time to better truth as an norm can be taken. Research The rate of reaction depends upon two factors. the figure of hits within a clip between the reactants. and the fraction of these hits that are successful. Therefore. the higher the concentration of the reactants. the higher the rate of reaction because there will be an increased figure of hits. this is called hit theory. However. for the reaction between the two reactants to be successful. they must clash with adequate energy to respond. the energy needed to respond is known as activation energy. This can be shown on a graph like the one below. I believe this graph is similar to what the energy diagram would be for my probe. This shows that my chemical reaction will be exothermal. therefore it will let go of more energy than it uses to respond. Therefore. at a higher concentration. there will be more reactions let go ofing energy in the signifier of heat that will enable more atoms to make their activation energy degree and react. This shows that the rate of reaction will increase with the concentration of acid. Prediction After holding done some research I feel that I can do an instruction anticipation refering what will go on during my probe. I predict that the higher the concentration of acid I use. the faster the rate of reaction will be. I think this because the higher the concentration is. the more acerb atoms there will be to clash with the marble bit with adequate energy to do a reaction as explained in hit theory. I besides believe that the rate of reaction will increase with concentration of acid because the chemical reaction I am making is an exothermal reaction. Therefore. it will let go of energy as the reactions take topographic point. this will give more energy to other atoms around it and will do the reaction to rush up as more atoms reach their activation energy and collide with adequate energy to respond. Preliminary trial consequences I started with 10g of marble bit and 100cm3 of 2M acid. the reaction was excessively fast and could non be accurately measured. I so tried 3g of marble bit with the same sum of 2M acid ( 100cm3 ) . this worked mulct. nevertheless. when the 0. 4M concentration was tested the reaction was excessively slow and could non be accurately measured due to our graduated table. I so tried 6g of marble bit and it gave 135 cm3 of CO2 with the 2M concentration and 5 cm3 of CO2 with the 0. 4M concentration. I felt that this would give us a good scope of consequences so I stuck with those measurings based on my preliminary trials. Observations When we had done our experiment we realised that we could profit from some trials with other concentrations of acid to increase truth. Therefore we decided to make trials with 1. 8M. 1. 4M. 1M. 0. 6M and 0. 2M acid. However. when we did these trials they produced a much higher volume of C dioxide than we would anticipate from our old consequences. I came to the decision that this would hold to be down to a alteration in one of the variables. Looking at the variables it was possible that it could hold been temperature or surface country of the marble french friess that caused the alteration. but as at that place had non been any big alteration in these variables it was improbable that they would hold such a clear affect on the consequences. After making a few trials I found that it was the acid that I was utilizing that had affected the consequences. I had started on a new batch of acid as the old bottle had run out. Even though both batches of acid were labelled as being 2M. it was clear that one was stronger than the other and hence increased the rate of reaction as the opportunity of acerb atoms clashing with the marble bit had been increased as there were more acerb atoms. Due to this. I plotted at that place consequences as a separate line. nevertheless. the consequences still show the same form and are hence still utile in reasoning the relation between gas given off and the concentration of acid. as explained by hit theory. Decision As you can see on the graph. both lines go up in a smooth curve. This shows that there is a correlativity between concentration of acid and the volume of gas given off. As the concentration of acid additions so does the volume of gas. therefore they are relative. The gradient of the line gets steeper as the concentration increases. this means that there was a larger addition of gas produced between 1. 6M and 2M. than there was between 0. 4M and 0. 8M. even though the addition in concentration of acid was 0. 4M in both. The graph shows that at higher concentrations of acid. more C dioxide was produced but in the same sum of clip. This shows that at higher concentrations. the rate of reaction must hold been faster to bring forth more merchandises in the same clip period. This can be explained by hit theory and the thoughts on activation energy that I explained in my research and anticipation. In my anticipation I said that more gas would be given off with a higher concentration. these consequences show that I was right. This is because due to hit theory. in a low concentration of acid the acid atoms are spread far apart. This means that there is really small opportunity of acerb atoms clashing with the marble bit with adequate energy to respond. In a high concentration. the acid atoms are nearer together as there is more of them within the same volume. This means that there is a much higher opportunity of hit with the marble bit. and there is more energy due to the energy being produced by the reaction. which is exothermal. this causes the reaction to be quicker. This can be seen in my consequences. the 2M acid gave an norm of 134. 75cm3 of C dioxide. where the 0. 4M concentration merely gave an norm of 4cm3 of C dioxide. The rate of reaction is reduced by a lessening of atoms within the same infinite. Evaluation Accuracy of consequences I feel that my experiment was accurate because the consequences made a smooth curve on my graph. I did hold a job with the 1. 8M. 1. 4M. 1M. 0. 6M and 0. 2M acerb consequences. as the acid appeared to be stronger than it was labelled. However. I resolved this job by plotting the consequences as a separate line on my graph and they still showed a really similar curve to the other one demoing the same relation between concentration of acid and the volume of gas given off. This shows that it was likely merely the concentration of the acid that caused the job and non my executing of the experiment that caused the consequences to be somewhat different than what was expected. I think that my consequences could hold been better as there was some fluctuation between my four consequences for each of 2M. 1. 6M. 1. 2M. 0. 8M. and 0. 4M. However I do non experience this job is major as the fluctuations were comparatively little as is shown by the mistake borders drawn on my graph. but there is still room for betterment. Possible Improvements If I was to make this probe once more I would seek and maintain some of the variables constant that I had less control over. The probe was carried out over a few yearss so the schoolroom temperature may hold varied. This could hold had a little consequence on the rate of reaction doing my consequences less accurate. Although the marble french friess were approximately the same size they weren’t all precisely the same form. If I could happen a manner to do the marble french friess all the same form and size so the probe would be fairer as the surface country of the marble french friess would be changeless. If I was to make this probe once more I would seek and utilize merely one batch of acid for the whole experiment because as I found out. the acid supplied isn’t ever precisely the strength that it says it is. I would besides seek to utilize a more accurate piece of equipment to mensurate the volume of gas produced. utilizing a mensurating cylinder did non supply the best truth that was unfastened to me. I could hold achieved a higher degree of truth with a buret.